A small molecule autophagy enhancer that induces autophagy independently of rapamycin in mammalian cells and enhances the clearance of autophagy substrates such as mutant huntingtin and A53T alpha-synuclein; reduces toxicity in Huntington's disease models.

Ammonium chloride acts as a small molecule autophagy inhibitor.Ammonium chloride is a pH-regulating, heteropolar compound that can cause intracellular alkalosis and metabolic acidosis, thereby affecting enzyme activity and influencing processes in biological systems.

Fluorescein Biotin is a biotin-substituting fluorescent dye that detects and quantifies biotin binding sites by fluorescence or absorbance.Fluorescein Biotin undergoes fluorescence quenching when bound to avidin or streptavidin.