Itaconic acid also known as itaconate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as branched fatty acids. These are fatty acids containing a branched chain. Itaconic acid exists as a solid soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Itaconic acid has been detected in multiple biofluids such as sweat and urine.

2-Acetylnaphthalene is a fragrance, anticonvulsant, and antimicrobial agent. It has an onion type flavor and a sulfurous type odor.

Estetrol(Donesta) is an orally available, selective modulator of the estrogen receptor, a naturally occurring estrogen synthesized by the human fetal liver during pregnancy.