Laminaran is a β-1,3-glucan isolated from brown algae, often serving as a typical ligand for Dectin-1.

Tween 80 is a surfactant which can also reduce bacterial attachment and inhibit biofilm formation.

Troxipide is a novel systemic non-antisecretory gastric cytoprotective agent with anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory and mucus secreting properties irrespective of pH of stomach or duodenum.