Kutkoside is a mixture of iridoid glycosides namely, picroside II, Picroside IV and 6-ferulloylcatalpol, it may have antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects.

Terrestrosin D can induce apoptotic cell death and inhibit angiogenesis in xenograft tumor cells, cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in cancer cells and endothelial cells might be plausible mechanisms of actions for the observed antitumor and antiangiogenic activities of terrestrosin D.

SMI481 is the first small-molecule Sec14-like phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins (PITPs) inhibitor.