Ibuprofen ((±)-Ibuprofen) sodium is an orally active, selective COX-1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 13 μM. Ibuprofen sodium inhibits cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and induces cell apoptosis. Ibuprofen sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent and a nitric oxide (NO) donor. Ibuprofen sodium can be used in the research of pain, swelling, inflammation, infection, immunology, cancers[8].

CMD178 is an important polypeptide that consistently reduces the expression of Foxp3 and STAT5 by inhibiting the IL-2/s IL-2Rα signaling pathway.

Lappaol A has antioxidant and antiaging properties, it may promote the C. elegans longevity and stress resistance through a JNK-1-DAF-16 cascade. Lappaol A also has potential chemosensitizing activity, it may be candidates for developing novel adjuvant anticancer agents.