Spantide I, a substance P analog, is a selective NK1 receptor antagonist, with Ki values of 230 nM and 8150 nM for NK1 and NK2 receptor, respectively. Spantide I provides an approach to reduce type 1 and enhance the type 2 cytokine IL-10 in the infected cornea, leading to a significant reduction in corneal perforation.

JB-1, an IGF-1 peptide analog, is a selective and potent IGF-1R antagonist. JB-1 competes with IGF-1 by binding the IGF-1 receptor. JB-1 prevents the autophosphorylation of IGF-1R, and has no activity in IGF-II.

Neocnidilide is an alkyl phthalate derived from Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong with the ability to inhibit the growth of mycotoxin-producing fungi and to kill insects.