Crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) is a highly conserved, amidated cyclic nonapeptide with the primary structure PFCNAFTGC-NH2 (ProPheCysAsnAlaPheTyrGlyCys-NH2) and a disulfide bridge between Cys3 and Cys9. It is found in crustaceans and insects where it behaves as a cardioaccelerator, neuropeptide transmitter for other areas of the nervous system and a hormone.

Fulvotomentoside A could decrease overexpression of IL-6 and IL-17A, and increase the expression of specific transcription factor Foxp3 of regulatory T cells significantly in intestine.

4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl isocyanate is a biochemical reagent that can be produced by a series of reactions between o-chlorobenzotrifluoride and acetic anhydride.