GnRH-I is a small 10 amino acid long peptide (decapeptide) from the hypothalamus,It is also known as luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH), is a key molecule in the regulation of reproduction in vertebrates. GnRH, a decapeptide, is produced by neurons in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) and secreted in a pulsatile manner into the cardiovascular system.

NLS (PKKKRKV) is a peptide derived from the 40 tumor antigen of the great ape virus (SV40 big T antigen), which is a method to enhance the nuclear portal in the research field of gene transfer.

Kavain a compound extracted from the Kava plant Piper methysticum is found to be involved in TNF-α expression in human and mouse cells via regulation of transcriptional factors such as NF-kB and LITAF.