Ethyl potassium malonate, a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase, acts as a precursor to produce (trimethylsilyl)ethyl malonate, which is utilized to prepare beta-ketoesters by acylation and serves as an intermediate for the preparation of ethyl tert-butyl malonate.

Bone Gla Protein (45-49) is the 45-49 fragment of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (GLA)-containing protein from bone (BGP, osteocalcin), which has chemotactic activity in vitro for a number of cells which are found adjacent to endosteal bone surfaces in vivo.

Methyl 3-aminopyrazine-2-carboxylate is a pyrazine that is substituted by a methoxycarbonyl group at position 2 and an amino group at position 3.