NF-κB-IN-13 (compound 12) can significantly inhibit LPS-induced NF-κB activation and NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages. NF-κB-IN-13 has anti-inflammatory effects.

Fibronectin is a high-molecular weight (~440kDa) extracellular matrix glycoprotein that binds to membrane-spanning receptor proteins called integrins.In addition to integrins, fibronectin also binds extracellular matrix components such as collagen, fibrin and heparan sulfate proteoglycans.

Monoethyl malonic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups. Monoethyl malonic acid exists as a solid soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa).