DEPC (Diethyl pyrocarbonate) is a potent and irreversible RNase inhibitor containing histidine residues.DEPC can be used to prevent RNA enzyme degradation by modifying histidine residues with carboxylation resulting in enzyme inactivation.

2-Amino-3-carboxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is the electron transfer mediator, can change glucose metabolism of the homofermentative lactic acid bacteria.

Amino-PEG10-acid is a PEG-based PROTAC linker that can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs.