Protosappanin B significantly increases cell viability, inhibits cell apoptosis and up-regulates the expression of growth-associated protein 43.

Sirtinol is a selective SIRT1/2 inhibitor (IC50: 131/38 μM).

Zederone has anti-bacterial activity,it inhibits gram-positive bacteria activity. Zederone induces hepatotoxicity implicated the induction of Cyps, which leads to the formation of biological reactive metabolites and that cause the oxidative stress and liver cell injuries.