Madecassoside is a pentacyclic triterpene extracted from Centella asitica (L.) with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-aging activities.

Taccalonolide AJ is a microtubule stabilizer; it has excellent and highly persistent antitumor efficacy when administered directly to the tumor, suggesting that the lack of antitumor efficacy seen with systemic administration of AJ is likely due to its short half-life in vivo.

ICI-118551 is a highly selective β2-adrenergic receptor antagonist with Ki values of 0.7, 49.5 and 611 nM for β2, β1 and β3 receptors, respectively.