[(2E,4E)-Octadienoyl]-N-isobutylamide (compound 2) is an isobutylamide that can be isolated from pepper seeds.

HIV-IN-11 is part of the hydroxylaminoglutaramide (HAPA) transition state isomeric series of HIV protease inhibitors and is a potent and selective inhibitor of HIV-1 protease. HIV-IN-11 competitively inhibits HIV-1 PR (Ki: 0.049 nM) and potently inhibits replication of HIV(IIIb)-infected MT4 lymphocytes at concentrations of 25.0-50.0 nM. HIV-IN-11 displays a longer half-life than indinavir sulfate in animal models and serves as a promising second-generation HIV protease inhibitor.

A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent.