Obestatin(rat), encoded by the Ghrelin gene, is a cpeptide, comprised of 23 amino acids. Obestatin(rat) suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain. Obestatin is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin(rat) has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant activities.

1-Formyl-β-carboline is an alkaloid derived from the leaves of Ailanthus altissima.

7-Oxodehydroabietic acid is a diterpene resin acid found in the roots of Pinus densiflora pine.