PAR3 (1-6) is a synthetic peptide agonist of proteinase-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) that corresponds to residues 1-6 of the amino terminal tethered ligand sequence of human PAR3 and residues 39-44 of the full-length human sequence. PAR3 (1-6) activates p42/44 MAPK signaling in fibroblasts expressing PAR1, but not PAR3, an effect that can be blocked by the PAR1 antagonist RWJ 56110.

Styrene oxide is an epoxide derived from styrene. It can be prepared by epoxidation of styrene with peroxybenzoic acid.

Emodin 6-O-β-D-glucoside can protect barrier integrity and inhibit HMGB1-mediated inflammatory responses, which suggests a potential use as a therapy for sepsis or septic shock.