Turkesterone is a phytoecdysteroid possessing an 11alpha-hydroxyl group, also is an analogue of the insect steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone.

Glycylglycylalanine is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development.

4-Nitrophenyl β-D-Galactopyranoside is a β-D-galactopyranoside derivative that is a substrate for β-galactosidase and can be used to measure β-galactosidase activity, which can be used in the study of lysosomal storage diseases, obesity, and mucopolysaccharides storage diseases.