Caloxin 2A1 is an extracellular plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) peptide inhibitor. Caloxin 2A1 does not affect basal Mg2+-ATPase or Na+-K+-ATPase.

ML-180 is a potent orphan nuclear receptor liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH-1; NR5A2) inverse agonist (IC50 of 3.7 μM) .ML-180 (0.5-5 μM; 24 hours) shows a significant inhibition of cyclin-D1 and cyclin-E1 expression in hepatic cells, but has little effect on repression in SK-OV-3 cells[2]. ML-180 (5 μM; 24 hours) leads to a rapid decrease of LRH-1 expression and efficiently represses endogenous LRH-1 signaling.

Tryptophan is one of the 20 standard amino acids. The D-stereoisomer is occasionally found in naturally produced peptides.