Rubrofusarin is an orange polyketide pigment from Fusarium graminearum. Rubrofusarin is also an active ingredient of the Cassia species and ameliorates chronic restraint stress (CRS) -induced depressive symptoms through PI3K/Akt signaling. Rubrofusarin has anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects.

JHU-083, a proagent of 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON), is an orally active and selective glutaminase antagonist. JHU-083 blocks glutaminase activity in brain CD11b+ cells and experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) resulting in a net decrease of glutamate levels in the animals.

Thioacetamide is a hepatotoxicant used widely to induce experimental liver lesions, develops hepatocellular necrosis and subsequent inflammation (mainly M1-/M2-macrophages without neutrophil infiltration) in rats.