Phytolaccagenin, a triterpenoid saponin, is the active component of Radix Phtolaccae which are widely used in East Asian countries for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases.

Adenosine N1-oxide, which is found in royal jelly, inhibited the secretion of inflammatory mediators by activated macrophages and reduced lethality in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxin shock.

2-Hexylthiophene, a weakly basic heteroaromatic compound, can enhance the molar absorption coefficient of ruthenium sensitizers by undergoing modification.