Goniothalamin is a natural product that has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines, can induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis on RT4 cells, induce apoptosis on HepG2 liver cancer cells via induction of caspase-3 with less sensitivity on the cell line of Chang cells.

eniporide is a Na(+)/H(+) exchange inhibitor.

Deslanoside is a rapidly acting cardiac glycoside used to treat congestive heart failure and supraventricular arrhythmias due to reentry mechanisms. Deslanoside inhibits the Na-K-ATPase membrane pump resulting in an increase in intracellular sodium and calcium concentrations.