Betamipron is a chemical compound which is used together with panipenem to inhibit panipenem uptake into the renal tubule and prevent nephrotoxicity.

Neurotensin is a 13 amino acid neuropeptide that is implicated in the regulation of luteinizing hormone and prolactin release and has significant interaction with the dopaminergic system.

α-Neoendorphin (1-8) is a 8-amino acid peptide derived from the N-terminal of α-Neoendorphin. α-Neoendorphin is an endogenous opioid peptide and is a part for the neoendorphins which are a group of endogenous opioid peptides derived from the proteolytic cleavage of prodynorphin isolated from procine hypothalmus and pituitary.