(-)-β-Pinene has been used as a standard for the analysis of terpenoid compounds in plant essential oils by GC analysis.

Trans-caffeic acid stearyl ester is posited to inhibit melanogenesis signaling while suppressing cAMP levels and, subsequently, MC1R, MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-2 and TRP-1 down-regulation, resulting in the suppression of tyrosinase activity, DOPA oxidase activity and melanin synthesis.

5,6,7-Trimethoxycoumarin shows moderate inhibitory activity against Micrococcus luteus, it also displays an intermediate cytotoxic effects against brine shrimp larvae. 5,6,7-Trimethoxycoumarin can improve gastroprotective effects, and it has low toxicity and minimal effects on drug-metabolizing enzymes.