N6-Isopentenyladenosine, an end product of the mevalonate pathway, is an autophagy inhibitor with anti-melanoma activity. N6-Isopentenyladenosine, an RNA modification found in cytokinins, regulates plant growth/differentiation and improves the efficiency

1-Methylguanosine is a methylated nucleoside. It is known that some modified, especially methylated, nucleosides originating from RNA degradation are excreted in abnormal levels in the urine of patients with malignant tumors.

Homocystine is the double-bonded form of homocysteine but it occurs only transiently before being converted to the harmless cystathionine via a vitamin B6-dependent enzyme. Increasing evidence supports a role for an elevation of homocysteine in schizophrenia.