Forskolin is a ubiquitous activator of eukaryotic adenylyl cyclase (AC) in a wide variety of cell types, commonly used to raise levels of cAMP in the study and research of cell physiology.

Isopropamide iodide is a long-acting anticholinergic drug. It is used in the treatment of peptic ulcers and other gastrointestinal disorders. It also acts as a muscarinic receptor antagonist which can be applied to the treatment of diseases affecting cognition including Alzheimer’s disease.

E7820 is an angiogenesis inhibitor by suppressing integrin a2 (a cell adhesion molecule expressed on endothelial cells).