Escin IA is a triterpene saponin isolated from horse chestnut which inhibits HIV-1 protease with IC50 values of 35 μM. Escin IA has anti-TNBC metastasis activity and its action mechanisms involved inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition process by down-regulating LOXL2 expression.

A highly potent HIV-1 protease inhibitor that exhibits potent anti-HIV activity EC50 of 2.6-5.3 nM and EC90 of 9-15 nM in cell culture.

HIV p17 Gag (77-85) is an attractive target for molecular intervention, because it is involved in the viral replication cycle at both the pre- and postintegration levels. In the present experiments, we targeted p17 by intracellularly expressing a cDNA encoding an Ab to p17.