Metformin-d6 hydrochloride (Metformin-d6 hydrochloride) is a deuterated form of Metformin that can be used to study Metformin metabolism in vivo, and is often used as an internal standard for Metformin.

A small-molecule enhancer/inducer of Autophagy; decreases the levels of Aβ peptide (EC50=10 uM) and APP-CTF (EC50 of 20 uM) in a γ-secretase-independent manner in primary neuronal cultures, Atg5, Beclin1 and Ulk1 are shown to be involved in the degradation of Aβ and APP-CTF.

PHY34 is a potent autophagy inhibitor with cytotoxic effects by inhibiting autophagy at a late stage (MDA-MB-435 IC50=23 nM, MDA-MB-231 IC50=5.2 nM); disrupts lysosomal function, significantly inhibits the growth of cancer cell lines in hollow fibers.