[Sar1, Ile8]-Angiotensin II (TFA) is a peptide that has multiple effects on vascular smooth muscle, including contraction of normal arteries and hypertrophy or hyperplasia of cultured cells or diseased vessels.

DFHBI is a small molecule, resembles the chromophore of green fluorescent protein (GFP).

3,5,6-trihydroxysitostane is a steroid natural product derived from the fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa.